Red Lightsabers
Known users: Darth Vader, Darth Maul, Darth Sidious, Kylo Ren
What does the red color mean? Red lightsabers are created only when a kyber crystal is corrupted. This shows how the Sith utilize the dark side of the Force. The color represents power, aggression, and malevolence.
The Sith have also constructed artificial crystals that produce the red color. To turn a natural crystal into a Sith’s weapon, the so-called bleeding technique is used. A Sith brutally attempts to bend a natural kyber crystal to their will. In a Vader comic, you can see the crystal trying to resist. (via Wookiepedia)
It is also possible to purify corrupted crystals.
Purple Lightsabers
Known users: Mace Windu, Ki-Adi-Mundi (only Legends), Darth Revan (only Legends)
What does the purple color mean? The purple color symbolizes that the user has found a balance between the dark side and the light side of the Force. This also shows the strength of the user, as they can resist the temptation of the dark side while serving the light side.
Apart from the lore, this color actually exists mainly because Samuel L. Jackson wanted his own lightsaber and purple is his favorite color. His lightsaber also has a special dedication on it: Samuel L. Jackson’s lightsaber from Star Wars is not only special because of its color – It is a tribute to Pulp Fiction
White Lightsabers
Known users: Ahsoka Tano
What does the white color mean? White lightsabers can only be created when a Force user has “purified” a red crystal. She wielded two white lightsabers after the events of Order 66, which she survived.
It symbolizes her own path, apart from the way of the Jedi. Nevertheless, she remains loyal to the light side of the Force. Like the color itself, it symbolizes independence and neutrality. In Star Wars Rebels and the Ahsoka series, you can see her using the swords. (via Padawan Outpost)
Orange Lightsabers
Known users: Plo Koon (Legends), Cal Kestis, Master Yaddle
What does the orange color mean? The orange lightsaber is relatively rare in Star Wars media and has mainly been used in many games like Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order or Jedi Academy 2: Jedi Outcast. Not much is known about it.
In the Ahsoka series, we also see this color, and it seems to symbolize a conflict between the Sith and the Jedi. The color is said to be extremely rare. In Legends, “grey” Jedi wield these swords, as they used both the light and the dark sides of the Force (via galacticsabers.co).
